plot.boxcoxLm.RdPlot the results of calling the function boxcox when the argument
x supplied to boxcox is an object of class "lm".
Three different kinds of plots are available.
The function plot.boxcoxLm is automatically called by plot
when given an object of class "boxcoxLm". The names of other functions
associated with Box-Cox transformations are listed under Data Transformations.
# S3 method for class 'boxcoxLm'
plot(x, plot.type = "Objective vs. lambda", same.window = TRUE,
ask = same.window & plot.type != "Ojective vs. lambda",
plot.pos.con = 0.375, estimate.params = FALSE,
equal.axes = qq.line.type == "0-1" || estimate.params, add.line = TRUE,
qq.line.type = "least squares", duplicate.points.method = "standard",
points.col = 1, line.col = 1, line.lwd = par("cex"), line.lty = 1,
digits = .Options$digits, cex.main = 1.4 * par("cex"), cex.sub = par("cex"),
main = NULL, sub = NULL, xlab = NULL, ylab = NULL, xlim = NULL,
ylim = NULL, ...)an object of class "boxcoxLm". See boxcoxLm.object for details.
character string indicating what kind of plot to create. Only one particular
plot type will be created, unless plot.type="All", in which case all plots
will be created sequentially. The possible values of plot.type are: "Objective vs. lambda" (the default), "Q-Q Plots", "Tukey M-D Q-Q Plots", and "All".
logical scalar indicating whether to produce all plots in the same graphics
window (same.window=TRUE; the default), or to create a new graphics
window for each separate plot (same.window=FALSE). The argument is
relevant only when plot.type produces more than one plot (i.e., when
plot.type is not equal to "Objective vs. lambda").
logical scalar supplied to the function devAskNewPage, indicating
whether to prompt the user before creating a new plot within a single graphics
window. This argument is ignored when plot.type="Objective vs. lambda"
(since only one plot is produced) or when same.window=FALSE, otherwise
the default value is ask=TRUE.
numeric scalar determining the color of the points in the plot. The default
value is points.col=1. See the entry for col in the R help file for
par for more information.
The following arguments can be supplied when plot.type="Q-Q Plots", plot.type="Tukey M-D Q-Q Plots", or plot.type="All"
(supplied to qqPlot):
numeric scalar between 0 and 1 containing the value of the plotting position
constant used to construct the Q-Q plots and/or Tukey Mean-Difference Q-Q plots.
The default value is plot.pos.con=0.375. See the help files for
qqPlot for more information and the motivation for this choice.
logical scalar indicating whether to compute quantiles based on estimating the
distribution parameters (estimate.params=TRUE) or using the
distribution parameters for a standard normal distribution (i.e,
mean=0, sd=1). The default value is estimate.params=FALSE
because a standard normal Q-Q plot will yield roughly a straight line if the
observations are from any normal distribution. If you specify
plot.type="Tukey M-D Q-Q Plots", then you need to set
estiamte.params=TRUE unless you want to assume the transformed data come
from a standard normal distribution.
logical scalar indicating whether to use the same range on the \(x\)- and
\(y\)-axes when plot.type="Q-Q Plots". The default value is
TRUE if qq.line.type="0-1" or estimate.params=TRUE,
otherwise it is FALSE.
logical scalar indicating whether to add a line to the plot. If add.line=TRUE
and plot.type="Q-Q Plots", a line determined by the value of
qq.line.type is added to the plot. If add.line=TRUE and
plot.type="Tukey M-D Q-Q Plots", a horizontal line at \(y=0\) is added to
the plot. The default value is add.line=TRUE.
character string determining what kind of line to add to the plot when plot.type="Q-Q Plots". Possible values are "least squares"
(a least squares line; the default),
"0-1" (a line with intercept 0 and slope 1),
and "robust" (a line is fit through the first and third quartiles of the
\(x\) and \(y\) data). This argument is ignored if add.line=FALSE.
a character string denoting how to plot points with duplicate \((x,y)\) values.
Possible values are "standard" (a single plotting symbol is plotted;
the default), "jitter" (a separate plotting symbol is plotted for
each duplicate point, where the plotting symbols cluster around the true value
of \(x\) and \(y\)), and "number" (a single number is plotted at
\((x,y)\) that represents how many duplicate points are at that \((x,y)\)
coordinate).
numeric scalar determining the color of the line in the plot. The default value
is line.col=1. See the entry for col in the R help file for
par for more information. This argument is ignored if
add.line=FALSE.
numeric scalar determining the width of the line in the plot. The default value
is line.lwd=par("cex"). See the entry for lwd in the R help file for
par for more information. This argument is ignored if
add.line=FALSE.
numeric scalar determining the line type (style) of the line in the plot.
The default value is line.lty=1. See the entry for lty
in the R help file for par for more information.
This argument is ignored if add.line=FALSE.
scalar indicating how many significant digits to print for the distribution
parameters and the value of the objective in the sub-title. The default
value is the current setting of options("digits").
Graphics parameters:
graphics parameters; see par for more information. The
default value of cex.main is cex.main=1.4 * par("cex").
The default value of cex.sub is cex.sub=par("cex").
The function plot.boxcoxLm is a method for the generic function
plot for the class "boxcoxLm" (see boxcoxLm.object).
It can be invoked by calling plot and giving it an object of
class "boxcoxLm" as the first argument, or by calling plot.boxcoxLm
directly, regardless of the class of the object given as the first argument
to plot.boxcoxLm.
Plots associated with Box-Cox transformations are produced on the current graphics device. These can be one or all of the following:
Objective vs. \(\lambda\).
Observed Quantiles vs. Normal Quantiles (Q-Q Plot) for the residuals of the linear model based on transformed values of the response variable for each of the values of \(\lambda\).
Tukey Mean-Difference Q-Q Plots for the residuals of the linear model based on transformed values of the response variable for each of the values of \(\lambda\).
See the help files for boxcox and qqPlot for more
information.
plot.boxcoxLm invisibly returns the first argument, x.
Chambers, J. M. and Hastie, T. J. (1992). Statistical Models in S. Wadsworth & Brooks/Cole.
# Create an object of class "boxcoxLm", then plot the results.
# The data frame Environmental.df contains daily measurements of
# ozone concentration, wind speed, temperature, and solar radiation
# in New York City for 153 consecutive days between May 1 and
# September 30, 1973. In this example, we'll model ozone as a
# function of temperature.
# Fit the model with the raw Ozone data
#--------------------------------------
ozone.fit <- lm(ozone ~ temperature, data = Environmental.df)
boxcox.list <- boxcox(ozone.fit)
# Plot PPCC vs. lambda based on Q-Q plots of residuals
#-----------------------------------------------------
dev.new()
plot(boxcox.list)
# Look at Q-Q plots of residuals for the various transformation
#--------------------------------------------------------------
plot(boxcox.list, plot.type = "Q-Q Plots", same.window = FALSE)
# Look at Tukey Mean-Difference Q-Q plots of residuals
# for the various transformation
#-----------------------------------------------------
plot(boxcox.list, plot.type = "Tukey M-D Q-Q Plots", same.window = FALSE)
#==========
# Clean up
#---------
rm(ozone.fit, boxcox.list)
graphics.off()